Published Papers

“Infant Mortality and the Repeal of Federal Prohibition.”
Economic Journal 131(639), 2021: 2955-2983. (With Krishna Pendakur and Hitoshi Shigeoka)

“Dry Bulk Shipping and the Evolution of Maritime Transport Costs, 1850-2020.”
Australian Economic History Review 61, 2021: 204-227. (With Martin Stuermer)
[Invited submission for special issue]

“Trade and Immigration, 1870-2010.”
In The Cambridge Economic History of the Modern World, vol. II, edited by S. Broadberry and K. Fukao. Cambridge: CUP, 2021. (With John P. Tang)

“What Drives Commodity Price Booms and Busts?”
Energy Economics 85, 2020: Article 104035. (With Martin Stuermer)
[Invited submission for special issue]

“Trade Blocs and Trade Wars during the Interwar Period.”
Asian Economic Policy Review 15(1), 2020: 119-136. (With Dennis Novy)
[Invited submission for special issue]

“From Boom to Bust: A Typology of Real Commodity Prices in the Long Run.”
Cliometrica 13(2), 2019: 201-220.

“The First Great Trade Collapse: The Short- and Long-Run Effects of World War I on International Trade.”
In The Economics of World War I: A Centennial Perspective, edited by S. Broadberry and M. Harrison. London: CEPR Press, 2018.

“Market Potential and Global Growth over the Long Twentieth Century.”
Journal of International Economics 114, 2018: 221-237. (With Dennis Novy)

“Silver Points, Silver Flows, and the Measure of Chinese Financial Integration.”
Journal of International Economics 108(1), 2017: 377-386. (With Se Yan and Liuyan Zhao)

“Revisiting the Effective Rate of Protection in the Late Stages of Chinese Industrialization.”
The World Economy 40(2), 2017: 424-438. (With Bo Chen and Hong Ma)
[Invited submission for special issue]

“Defying Gravity: The Imperial Economic Conference and the Reorientation of Canadian Trade.”
Explorations in Economic History 53(1), 2014: 19-39.

“Filling the Eastern European Gap in Millennium-long Temperature Reconstructions.”
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 110(5), 2013: 1773-1778.
(With Ulf Büntgen, Tomás Kyncl, Christian Ginzler, Jan Esper, Willy Tegel, Karl-Uwe Heussner, and Josef Kyncl)

“Trade, Variety, and Immigration.”
Economics Letters 117(1), 2012: 243-246. (With Bo Chen)

“Commodity Market Disintegration in the Interwar Period.”
European Review of Economic History 16(2), 2012: 119-143. (With William Hynes and Kevin H. O’Rourke)

“Commodity Price Volatility and World Market Integration since 1700.”
Review of Economics and Statistics 93(3), 2011: 800-813. (With Kevin H. O’Rourke and Jeffrey G. Williamson)

“Nominal Rigidities and Retail Price Dispersion in Canada over the Twentieth Century.”
Canadian Journal of Economics 44(3), 2011: 749-780. (With Ross D. Hickey)

“Foreign Wars, Domestic Markets: England, 1793-1815.”
European Review of Economic History 15(2), 2011: 277-311.

“Trade Booms, Trade Busts, and Trade Costs.”
Journal of International Economics 83(2), 2011: 185-201. (With Chris M. Meissner and Dennis Novy)

“Global Trade and the Maritime Transport Revolution.”
Review of Economics and Statistics 92(4), 2010: 745-755. (With Krishna Pendakur)

“The Four Most Expensive Words.”
Historical Methods 43(4), 2010: 155-158.

“Trade Costs in the First Wave of Globalization.”
Explorations in Economic History 47(2), 2010: 127-141. (With Chris M. Meissner and Dennis Novy)

“On the Death of Distance and Borders: Evidence from the Nineteenth Century.”
Economics Letters 105(3), 2009: 230-233.

“Stuck on Gold: Real Exchange Rate Volatility and the Rise and Fall of the Gold Standard, 1875-1939.”
Journal of International Economics 77(2), 2009: 195-205. (With Natalia Chernyshoff and Alan M. Taylor)

“Trade Costs, 1870-2000.”
American Economic Review, Papers & Proceedings 98(2), 2008: 529-534. (With Chris M. Meissner and Dennis Novy)

“Populists versus Theorists: Futures Markets and the Volatility of Prices.”
Explorations in Economic History 44(2), 2007: 342-362.

“Coal and the Industrial Revolution, 1700-1869.”
European Review of Economic History 11(1), 2007: 39-72. (With Gregory Clark)

“New Results on the Tariff-Growth Paradox.”
European Review of Economic History 10(2), 2006: 205-230.

“What Drove 19th Century Commodity Market Integration?”
Explorations in Economic History 43(3), 2006: 383-412.

“Intra- and International Commodity Market Integration in the Atlantic Economy, 1800-1913.”
Explorations in Economic History 42(3), 2005: 381-413.

“Immigrant Stocks and Trade Flows, 1870-1913.”
Journal of European Economic History 34(3), 2005: 625-649.

“Market Integration in the North and Baltic Seas, 1500-1800.”
Journal of European Economic History 33(3), 2004: 285-329.

“Real Inequality in Europe since 1500.”
Journal of Economic History 62(2), 2002: 381-413. (With Philip T. Hoffman, Patricia Levin, and Peter H. Lindert)